The Things They Carried By Tim O Brien - 864 Words

The things they carried are a story written by Tim O’Brien about a group of US solders that are fighting in the Vietnam War. This story centers on First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross his band of brothers. In this story we follow Lt Cross through the jungles, in the caves, and across the rice patties of Vietnam. We get the rare opportunity of looking into what a man thinks and does when he is stranded thousands of miles from his home, family, and friends. The name of this story suggests what it is about; the things they carried. It talks about the their experience in Vietnam and what they carried physically and mentally. From the beginning of this book, Lt. Cross goes into great detail of what supplies they have to carry with them and everything that has to do with these supplies. Cross describes to us what, how heavy, and what any item that he or his brethren may be carrying at any point in time. Cross goes into detail about these items in a very standard and almost rehearsed way at the beginning of the book and towards the end he stops talking about their weight. The way he talks about the weights in the beginning act almost in a way that comforts him. It’s as if he doesn’t think about what is actually going around him and instead that a claymore weighs 3.5 pounds that what is going on around him isn’t happening. He is affixed onto these items to avoid dealing with the tragedy that is happening around him. After we get part way through the book he stopsShow MoreRelatedThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien892 Words   |  4 PagesThe Vietnam War was a long, exhausting, and traumatic experience for all of the soldiers and those who came with them. The Things They Carried, by Tim O Brien illustrates the different affects the war had on a variety of people: Jacqueline Navarra Rhoads, a former nurse during the Vietnam war, demonstrates these effects within her own memoir in the book, The Forgotten Veterans. Both sources exemplify many trib ulations, while sharing a common thread of suffering from mental unpredictability. DesensitizationRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1377 Words   |  6 Pageslove to have it as good as we do. Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried discusses many veterans who experience the burden of shame and guilt daily due to their heroic actions taken during the Vietnam War. The book shows you how such a war can change a man before, during, and after it’s over.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As I reflect on the many conflicts America has been a part of, none can compare to the tragedies that occurred in The Vietnam war. As told in The Things They Carried (O’Brien), characters such as NormanRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1457 Words   |  6 Pagesthe theme pertains to everyone regardless of their background. It conveys the same ideas to people from all across our society. Lastly, a classic is timeless, which means it has transcended the time in which it was written. In Tim O’Brien’s novel, The Things They Carried, he offers a new, intriguing way to view war or just life in general and also meets all of the crucial requirements mentioned above to qualify it as a book of literary canon. Though this book is technically a war novel, many peopleRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1242 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Tim O’Brien is obsessed with telling a true war story. O Brien s fiction about the Vietnam experience suggest, lies not in realistic depictions or definitive accounts. As O’Brien argues, absolute occurrence is irrelevant because a true war story does not depend upon that kind of truth. Mary Ann’s induction into genuine experience is clearly destructive as well as empowering† (p.12) Tim O’s text, The Things they Carried, details his uses of word choice to portray his tone and bias. Tim O’BrienRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1169 Words   |  5 Pagesbut are set in the past and borrows things from that time period. A story that fits this genre of literature is The Things They Carried. The story is about Tim O Brien, a Vietnam veteran from the Unite States, who tells stories about what had happ ened when he and his team were stationed in Vietnam. He also talks about what he felt about the war when he was drafted and what he tried to do to avoid going to fight in Vietnam. The Things They Carried by Tim O Brien was precise with its portrayal of settingRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1004 Words   |  5 Pages Tim O’Brien is a veteran from of the Vietnam War, and after coming home from his duty he decided to be a writer. His work â€Å"The Things They Carried† is about a group of soldiers that are fighting in the Vietnam War. The first part of the story talks mostly about physical items that each soldier carries, and also mentions the weight of the items as well. Though, there is one exception to the list of physical things. Lieutenant Cross is a character of the story, and Tim O’ Brien quickly states theRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien896 Words   |  4 PagesTrouble without a doubt is what First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross c arried around his shoulders because he was out in war, where mistakes happen. Lost and unknown of his surroundings he had to lead his men into safety, while destroying anything they found. First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross only holds onto one thing for hope and that is Martha, the woman who he hopes is a virgin to come back to. Tim O’ Brien introduces symbolism by adding a character that has a meaning of purity and a pebble, which symbolizesRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien Essay832 Words   |  4 PagesSummary: â€Å"By and large they carried these things inside, maintaining the masks of composure† (21). In Tim O’brien’s The Things They Carried, the American soldiers of the Vietnam War carry much more than the weight of their equipment, much more than souvenirs or good-luck charms or letters from home. They carried within themselves the intransitive burdens—of fear, of cowardice, of love, of loneliness, of anger, of confusion. Most of all, they carry the truth of what happened to them in the war—aRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1369 Words   |  6 PagesMany authors use storytelling as a vehicle to convey the immortality of past selves and those who have passed to not only in their piece of literature but in their life as an author. In Tim O’Brien’s work of fiction The Things They Carried, through his final chapter â€Å"The Lives of the Dead,† O Brien conveys that writing is a matter of survival since, the powers of s torytelling can ensure the immortality of all those who were significant in his life. Through their immortality, O’Brien has the abilityRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1407 Words   |  6 Pages       Our introduction stated that in â€Å"The Things They Carried,† author Tim O’Brien tells us not directly of the soldiers of Vietnam, or the situations they find themselves in, but about the things they carry on their shoulders and in their pockets. These â€Å"things† identify the characters and bring them to life.   I find that to be true as the author unfolds the stories about war and the uncommon things one carries in to war both inadvertently and on purpose.  Ã‚  Ã‚  As it was noted: Stories about war –

insecurity in kenya - 6360 Words

Definition of insecurity in English insecurity Pronunciation: /ËÅ'É ªnsÉ ªÃ‹Ë†kjÉ”Ë rÉ ªti, ËÅ'É ªnsÉ ªÃ‹Ë†kjÊŠÉ™rÉ ªti/ noun (plural insecurities) [mass noun] 1uncertainty or anxiety about oneself; lack of confidence:she had a deep sense of insecurity [count noun]:he’s plagued with insecurities 2the state of being open to danger or threat; lack of protection:growing job insecurity the insecurity of wireless networks Kenyan Politics: An Introduction Postcolonial Kenya has seen a significant amount of development, both politically and economically, since its independence in 1963. Starting with the presidency of Jomo Kenyatta, the nation prospered -- experiencing economic growth of at least 5% for over a decade (Barkan, 2004). The civil service was†¦show more content†¦Each with specific goals and functions, the Swahili phrase Utamishi Kwa Wote (service to all) acts as the guiding motto for officers nationwide (Maina et al, 2004). The Regular Police conduct day-to-day street operations and act as the visible face for all Kenyans to see. The General Service Unit (the main firearm carrying division of the police) takes part in major uprisings and events and is, according to a prominent Kenyan figure in the Kibera Slum, â€Å"feared by nearly everyone† (Anonymous, personal statement, 2010). The Criminal Investigative Department (CID) performs many undercover operations and acts as a very close liaison to the U.S. Emba ssy in Nairobi. The Administrative Police, given the task of securing the borders of Kenya, work in many rural areas on the outskirts of the country, with a larger concentration to the north. Following the 1998 attacks on the U.S. Embassies in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), the National Security Intelligence Service was created. This unit acts as an intelligence gathering service and does not have any significant face-to-face contact with the Kenyan people. The above divisions of the Kenyan Police Force all face numerous challenges when dealing with crime in Kenya. For one, the base monthly salary of a Kenyan police officer is eleven thousand shillings [roughly 143 USD] (Mukinda, 2010). The mereShow MoreRelatedSustainable Water Management And Food Security Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesSUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT AND FOOD SECURITY IN KENYA Introduction With increasing climate change, agriculture which is the backbone of Kenya’s economy has been greatly affected signaling a period of drought in the country. This means that the amount of food produced has decreased significantly over the years. Water and food are not only a basic need, but are also centre-piece of sustainable development and a crucial part of poverty alleviation globally and thus any shortage in these triggersRead MoreKeny Food Secure Or Insecure?1737 Words   |  7 PagesKenya: Food Secure or Insecure? Kenya has an extremely diverse nature to it. On one hand, Kenya has an unemployment rate of 40 percent and 43 percent of the people living in Kenya are impoverished, and on the other hand Kenya has a plateau region that is very fertile and the people in Kenya grow a variety of agriculture products, such as beef, eggs, poultry, coffee, tea, corn, wheat, and sugarcane. Even though Kenya has some fertile land, they have been experiencing a severe drought that continuesRead MoreA Research Study On Reward Management1220 Words   |  5 Pagesis applied so as to influence the willingness of the health sector professionals to enhance their input while maintaining their effort towards attaining organizational goals. Problem Statement In the recent past public hospitals’ professionals in Kenya have participated in strikes meant to agitate for an improvement of their overall compensation system. This has been complicated further by the existing public outcry over the questionable quality and nature of healthcare services offered at the publicRead MoreThe Allocation Of Relief Food1353 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Kenya has been facing severe food insecurity problems. These are depicted by a high proportion of the population having no access to food in the right amounts and quality. Official estimates indicate over 10 million people are food insecure with majority of them living on food relief. Since not every person is able to access the relief food, the government has come up with ways to ensure that is able to curb drought so as to increase the level of farm production and solve food insecurity problemsRead MoreThe Factors That Have Undermined The Existing Initiatives, And Recommendations For Successful De Radicalization1723 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluence individuals to radicalization. Kenya has long been characterized by frequent insecurity concerns ranging from intercommunity conflicts, violence, crime, to terrorism. Consequently, this has always deepened societal insecurities hence deterring the Kenya’s long-term socio-economic growth. The current state of Kenya’s insecurity is jeopardized by radicalization of massive groups of youths in various regions. This paper focuses on de-radicalization in Kenya. The paper assesses the factors thatRead MoreReview Of Kenya s Agricultural And Food Policy Essay1586 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Food is a basic need and a human right. For effective development of human resources, the basic health, food and nutrition requirements of the people must be met. Investing in people means investing in their health and the removal of their food insecurity.† This is important for any government since hungry and malnourished people cannot be expected to be productive. Unfortunately, this is the reality in Africa and particularly sub-Saharan Africa where recurrent perennial drought has led to massiveRead MoreInter Ethnic Conflict And Ethnic Conflicts1477 Words   |  6 PagesTopic Underlying Causes of Inter-Ethnic Conflict in Samburu County, Kenya Background Inter-ethnic conflict is one of the major problems facing most Kenya community and mostly the nomadic communities. Inter-ethnic conflicts involving pastoralists have become widespread and increasingly severe in the northern region of Kenya. Conflict has often resulted in severe disruption of social and economic development. It has also constrained efforts to reduce or end poverty and sustain basic human rights.Read MoreThe Conflict of the Ethnic Groups1399 Words   |  6 PagesEthnic groups conflict Pastoralist Community Initiative And Development Assistance (PACIDA )highlights the insecurity as a consequence of race for the limited water and pasture in Marsabit area of Kenya (East Africa). Their report of the situation in Marsabit in 2009 indicated that within Marsabit, security has been a major problem. Over the past months in the cause of the year, series of cattle rustling and loss of human lives was quiet frequent, especially in Marsabit. Over range of four monthRead MoreThe Realization Of National Food Security1663 Words   |  7 Pagesobjective in the agricultural sector. A recent research showed that over 10million people are food insecure with majority of these people living on food relief. The government of Kenya with the support of various organizations has worked to ensure that the Kenyans are food secure. In 2008, the Kenyan government launched the Kenya Vision 2030 which was a long-term development blueprint for the country. Its objective ia mainly to create a globally competitive and prosperous country with a high quality ofRead MoreWhat Are The Causes Of Famine In Four Countries764 Words   |  4 PagesFamine in Four Countries Kenya Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Faced with devastating, debilitating droughts, Somalia, Nigeria, South Sudan, and Yemen struggle to cope with famine, an obstacle that hinders all people within the nation. In Somalia, over 2.9 million people are at risk because of famine. In Yemen, 18.8 million are in need of assistance, and in South Sudan, over 40% of the population is in need of food urgently, while 100,000 are in imminent danger of death by starvation.

Case Analysis Study Free Essays

Case Study Analysis Paper Prepare a 1,400 to 1,750-word case study analysis paper based on the University of Phoenix Material, â€Å"Case Study for Student Analysis,† located in Week Two of the COMM/215 [pic] page. Below is a detailed description explaining how to prepare a case study analysis paper. ____________________________________________________________ _________________ Typically written in narrative form, a case sets forth, in a factual manner, the events and organizational circumstances surrounding a particular managerial situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Analysis Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now Placing the reader at the scene of the action, the real events presented provide an opportunity to help evaluate alternative courses of action. Case analysis is used in academics to help you demonstrate your ability to evaluate situations critically, to apply concepts you have learned in a class, to solve problems, and to communicate your findings and conclusions. The purpose of this exercise is to introduce you to case studies and the analysis process, and to a proper format for writing the case study analysis report. Try not to worry about trying to find the â€Å"right answer† to a case. Usually, there is no single right answer. Most cases are intentionally ambiguous and can be viewed from many different perspectives. Several feasible solutions are usually available to any give case. The best solution is the one you can best support with thoughtful analysis, logical arguments, and substantiating evidence from your research or your own experience. Your goal in analyzing a case is to provide an effective solution to the situation outlined and to support that solution with solid and persuasive evidence. Overview Analyzing a case study can take several forms, and you should check with your instructor on the specific approach or point of view that he or she recommends. For example, you might analyze the case from the perspective that you are the central character of the narrative and must provide a report of what you would do in the situation. On the other hand, you might play the role of an outside consultant hired to evaluate the situation for which you provide a report. Make sure you allow enough time for the various tasks you must perform. These tasks are listed below and explained in more detail in the following sections. (Note: When writing a case analysis as an exercise in a writing class, there will be no content-related course concepts (e. g. management or health care theories) that apply directly to the case. The objective of the assignment will be to produce a well-written analysis. You should check with your instructor to determine the expectations of content and the amount of research required. Analyzing the Case 1. Read and study the case thoroughly. 2. Define the problem(s). 3. Select a focus for your analysis by identifying key issu es and their causes. 4. Identify and apply course concepts in order to identify possible solutions. 5. Evaluate alternative solutions and choose the solution you believe is best. Writing the Case Analysis 1. Determine how you want to present your views and structure your paper. 6. Produce a first draft of your case analysis. 7. Revise and edit the draft. 8. Format and proofread the final report. Analyzing the Case 1. Read and study the case thoroughly. Read the case once for familiarity with the overall situation, background, and characters involved, noting issues that you think may be important. Read the case again, and highlight all relevant facts. Make sure you understand the situation and have all the facts. Make notes about issues, symptoms of problems, root problems, unresolved issues, and the roles of key players. Watch for indications of issues beneath the surface. 9. Define the problem(s). Identify the key problems or issues in the case. Case studies often contain an overabundance of information about a particular situation, not all of which may be relevant. Do not try to analyze every fact and issue. Part of the skill of good case analysis is in determining which facts are relevant. 10. Select a focus for your analysis by identifying the key issues and their causes. Determine how to focus your analysis. Narrow the problem(s) you have identified to between two and five key issues. Do not try to examine every possible aspect of the case. Identify the most important issues that relate to the concepts you have been studying in the course (if applicable). Once you have focused on one or two key issues, try to gain a fuller understanding of their causes. Why do these problem(s) exist? What caused them? What is the effect of the problem(s) on the organization or the relationships among individuals in the organization? Who is responsible for or affected by the problem(s)? 11. Identify and apply course concepts in order to identify possible solutions. (See previous note regarding writing a case analysis as an exercise in a writing class. This section is included so that you become familiar with the application of case studies in context of applying content-related course concepts. ) a. Identify and apply one or more concepts discussed in class, covered in your readings, or learned from your own experience that would apply to the case and provide some insight or guidance in solving the problem(s). b. Review your notes from c lass discussions and your texts and other readings in the course, conduct outside research, and use your own knowledge and experience to decide what concepts, theories, or ideas could be relevant. 2. Evaluate alternative solutions and choose the solution you believe best reflects the findings from your analysis. Make certain you can support the solution you choose with solid evidence from your case analysis. Weigh the pros and cons of each alternative. Which solution is the most feasible? Make certain you can defend that solution. Now you are ready to proceed to the next step—determining how to present your ideas and structure your paper. Writing the Case Analysis Written case analyses are short, structured reports. Usually, the instructor will ask for between two and ten typed pages, depending upon the complexity of the case. Some case studies are assigned as individual efforts; others are group projects. Still others may be a partial group effort, with the group collaborating in the analysis and each individual student being asked to prepare a separate written analysis. Your task, in writing your case analysis, is to combine aspects of the case and key issues with your perceptions and supported opinions. You must then examine alternatives, choose the most viable solution, and provide evidence to support your views. You obtain this evidence from class discussions, your text readings, outside research, and your personal experiences. 1. Determine how you want to present your views and structure your paper. Most case studies follow a prescribed format and structure and can vary depending upon the course in which it is used, such as those discussed next. Check with your instructor regarding his or her preference as to the sections of the case study analysis report. Case study analyses are written as reports with headings, not as essays. The report should clearly identify the relevant sections for the reader. . Title page Use standard APA format to develop a title page. b. Introduction Determine a thesis. Summarize, in one sentence, the principal outcome of your analysis. This is the thesis for your report and should be clearly stated in the first few paragraphs. The introduction identifies the central problem. c. Background Take the central problem, and place it in a context for the reader providing background information about the case. Do not reiterate or rehash the facts stated in the case. Rather, place the case in a research context. The background section demonstrates to the reader that you have conducted research, either academically or in the field, regarding the types of problems that the case study describes. Be sure that your written presentation focuses your diagnosis of the problems on the most important issues. d. Key Problems This is where you identify your thoughts about the problems that exist. It is considered a very important part of the report. Start with the â€Å"who-when-where-what-why-how† typical questions (Gerson Gerson, 2002). Ask yourself here as you ponder the situation: â€Å"What are the problems at this company? There certainly is usually more than one problem. Identify the ones you see as being instrumental to the success of the company or its project. e. Alternatives Now that you have conducted research and placed the problem(s) into a context, you will have informed choices about the alternative solutions to the problem(s). You are not expected to analyze all possible altern atives. However, you should have considered several alternatives when you formed your opinion about the case. Discuss these alternatives and why you rejected them in determining your solution to the case. Why are these viable alternatives? What are the constraints (e. g. money, time, personnel, resources) imposed and the reason that you do not recommend the alternative at this time? f. Proposed Solution Discuss your proposed solution providing support with solid evidence. Generally, you should only provide one proposed solution. Keep in mind that in the context of the case study, the characters or company can only start on one solution at a time. Which one do you propose and why? Justify why this solution is the best option through a logical argument supported by research. The proposed solution should be specific and realistic. g. Recommendations If appropriate, you may conclude your written analysis with a discussion of the implications of the problems you identified on the functioning of the organization or on the relationship among individuals in the case. You may also want to make recommendations for further action that might be taken to resolve some of these issues. Be specific about what should be done and who should do it. This section discusses specific strategies that the individuals in the case can do to accomplish the proposed solution. Check with your instructor as to whether this section should be included in your case analysis report. 13. Produce a first draft of your case analysis. 14. Revise and edit the draft. 15. Format and proofread the final report. Case study reports are written in a structured format, not as essays. Case study reports usually contain an Executive Summary that contains brief summaries of the Introduction, Background, and Proposed Solution sections of your report. The Executive Summary provides a quick, easy-to-read summary of these three main parts of the case study. Check with your instructor to see if he or she requires an Executive Summary to be included with your report. ) Tips for formatting the final report: a. If an Executive Summary is to be included, it should be single-spaced with relevant headings identifying the sections. The Executive Summary should summarize those sections of the report, and not contain any information not discussed by the report. b. The case study analysis s hould be written as a structured report, with relevant headings. The case study analysis is not an essay. 16. Include any relevant appendices and references in a proper APA format. How to cite Case Analysis Study, Papers

Urban and Regional Planning in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Urban and Regional Planning in Australia. Answer: Introduction Urban and regional planning refers to the political and technical process that is concerned with how the land is development and used, planning permission, use and protection of the environment, the welfare of the general public and the overall design of the urban environment that entails, water, infrastructure, sanitation and urban public relation, transport and communication and security. Urban planning therefore, entails the general activities and endeavors taken to develop the urban regions. it can as well be considered as the city planning as an urban design (Hall Peter, 2012, p. 94). The process looks to have an order through developers who do need assessments in the urban and regional basis so as the suggestions towards development could be improved. The urban and regional planners are the technicians who are entrusted in this task. They are expected to portray good technical skills about the overall land use and planning, high level of communication skills, economics and also law. It is for the reason that, planning of a large city or for a certain geographical region, one need all the skills that will encompass the government issues, civic issues, economic and finance branches and also humanistic, legal and public relation scope. The items that are developed by this planning could entail developing and rejuvenating the lost glory of the region and the city in particular as well as erecting new infrastructure and systems of running the city (Freestone CSIRO Publishing, 2010, p.61). In Australia, regional planning can make a great difference to its cities and regions. Cities like Canberra, Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne have previously recorded a bit of insignificant development. Within the last 10 years, that is, from 2000 to 2007, the cities have had little development as compared to the period between 1996-2007. From this observation, urban and regional planning might be the cause to this crippled development as it has been poorly done in Australian regions and cities. However, there is a promising outcome from the difference which is expected to be made in regional and urban planning in the Australian state (Rauscher Momtaz, 2015, p.158). Urban planning and influence to development in Australia Urban and regional planning has great contribution to the development of States and for this case, Australian state. The cities might experience change if they are well planned. Failure to have a planned cities and regions means that the results will be as well be poor in terms of development, health, justice and public services as well (Broadbent, 2013, p.243) Possible changes that would happen if Australia had a good Urban and regional planning. Efficient service delivery is one of the positive change that would happen if the urban and regional planners acted upon this idea. The government is in a position to offer its services with ease as the public services like the administrative centers would be strategized in the developed cities. However, there are numerous advantages that would result to some a good plan (Stevenson Central Queensland University, 1998, p.9). A good plan under this context will create spaces for the society settlement and business development in Australia. Taking the case of Sydney, which is among the planned region with an improvement of about 12% since the year 2000 to date, there is a significant rise in efficiency of the service delivery from different governmental and nongovernmental institutions which are set and strategized in the urban cities and the regions of Sidney (Huebner, 2009, p.131). Maximizing the land for settlement and the land for agriculture is another significant and positive change that would result from urban and regional planning. Agriculture is an important and crucial department that needs a lot of attention in the whole of Australia. To many states, in Australia, Agriculture is a major agricultural producer and exporter with over 325,300 employed in Agriculture, forestry and fishing as of February 2015. If the planners laid good strategies on the land policies and urban as well as city planning, there will be providence of land for agriculture and therefore the people will have reserved farms for pure agriculture. For this reason, the gradual agriculture would be boosted in the country economy. The high rainfall zones of Tasmania for example and the narrow coastal zone together with the south Australia where there are good livestock production especially on the Goyders line. The ongoing agricultural projects, would be boosted as soon as the urban and regional planning would be officiated (Masser, 1972, p.255). The sanitary and city cleanliness would be improved and a drastic deviation in public health would be achieved. There should be a change as it is realized that when people are set to stay in a set place, there is an ease to maintain the cleanliness of the cities. The reason is because the government will be in a position to set good strategies to dispose the wastes un the state and therefore maintain the sanitary positions of the cities. A tidy environment will facilitate health of the citizen. Urban and regional planning however would lead to a change of carelessness of disposing the trash and waste materials as one of the plan in this field is to make sure that the waste materials are not disposed anyhow but to a specific place and with appropriate caution (Smyth, Reddel, Jones, 2005, p.107) Urban and regional planning is also inevitable in our cities and regions as transport and communication sector would be developed. The planning of the cities means that there is a good roads and railway networks that will run from rural centers to different regions in the Australian republic. When there is good transport and communication means, there is a recorded change in development of the cities and regions. For instance, Australia is an agriculture state that need to transport the products from the farms to the cities. The process would work best in the urban and regions of Australia. Meaning that the functionality will be efficient (van Gool, Stuart-Street Tille, 2016, p.255). When we consider the aspects that the urban and regional planners work on, it is evident that they are in charge of infrastructure, land, environment and services that are offered in the towns. When the plans are good in Australia, for example as it is in the Queensland and Western Australia that the states have invested well on planning for their road networks and railway lines as well as the whole of transport matters, there is a promising development in these states. The reason behind the road and infrastructure development in these two states is that, the states have begun and went further in urban and regional planning (Davidson Wimberley, 2016, p.209). They have done this for the last decade whereby the land policies in regional planning has been given the priority in the whole of Australia. The regions have been seen to improve greatly as the agriculture systems have signified this stand. The states are providing enough food for their people and even some of these agricultura l goods are exported in other countries. This is a sign of how the cities and the Australian regions can develop if the plans are laid in place for the urban and regional centers. Natural Resources and Ecosystems Facilitation by Regional and Urban Planning Following the rise of air, water and the overall environmental pollution within few years. The Australian regions and cities are not exceptional as they have also been faced by the same problem. The regions have been facing severe consequences of this pollution have shown out vividly. In the Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales and the Western Australia are the parts in the Australia that has been undergoing through this challenge. The pollution is traced by poor sanitation and disposal of the city wastes and industrial run-outs in the distinctive areas. In the regions of Australia, there is also the challenge of global warming as the Carbon monoxide has increased as it in the whole globe. For the same reason, the problem can be traced from the Urban and regional planning in the Australian cities and regions. One of the reason is that, there is a problem in settlement schemes and the industrial centers in some states like the Tasmania state (Rauscher Momtaz, 2015, p.158). The problem created in such a situation is that, the factories and the companies operate in the areas that are very close to living or the settlement schemes and no control of their wastes. Urban and regional planning can be a move towards curbing this problem. This is because, when there is proper planning, the wastes disposal in all firms have direct sewage lines that are well fixed and prevented to endangered the life of human being who might be harmed over the same (Dufty-Jones Connell, 2016, p.126). The issue of health is as well a step that would be met when there is proper urban and regional planning. This is because, health is said to be wealth. When the urban places are not well planned. That is, in terms of infrastructure and systems, there is no smooth running of services. The networks to the health centers are not developed for the fear of policy change and likely hood of occurrence of outbreaks of diseases in the areas which are maybe so rural and remote. Regional planning would work efficiently in the Australian cities and regions (Llauss, Beilin Buxton, 2014, p.18). Urban planning and labor force participation in Australia There is also an underlying claim on the labor force participation and the urban planning. It refers to the participation rate and the measure of proportionality of people who are either employed or are finding jobs opportunities in comparison to the age of the working population. There is a general relationship between these two aspects in that, the higher the labor force in a particular town, region or city, the higher the potential of that region to develop economically. For this reason, urban planning plays a great role in this. Designs of workplaces, both for the government and for the non-governmental organizations, means that there is a higher possibility to have a bigger work force in that region. This population will be dependent on that city and therefore, what they will do to that region, in terms of good purchase and supplies will be directed towards developing hat region. The vice versa is also correct. When a region is poorly planned, there is no development in the econ omy as the people will not like to work in a low hygienic places or poor serviced regions or cities (In Stiftel In Watson, 2016, p.40). The proposition gives an adequate suggestion to Australia, its region and urban centers that there are all reasonable stands for carrying out the regional and urban planning for their regions and cities. It therefore means that there will be emergency of industries in a well-planned urban or a region. Having these firms around the region will increase the work force participation and therefore it is very important. For the year 2008 to December 2016, Australian republic has recorded a rise of workforce and decline of many trade and business firms as well as unemployment in the region. The workforce is big and there are no enough spaces for accommodating all these workers. This has come as a challenge as the nation is unable to absorb all of them in the working positions. According to the current research of the causes of unemployment in the region, regional and urban planning has contributed in this problem. Higher workforce also, improves equity and social inclusion (Christensen Le vinson, 2003, p.155). There is increased social cohesion tolerance and also reduced crime rates. These are attracted by good planning and thus Australia would be a better place if regional and urban planning were taken seriously. However, it can be solved by all means of urban planning. For instance, western Australia is well planned than other states of Australia. The results are that its cities and regions are well improved that other states (Knox McCarthy, 2012, p.328). Urban Planning and the Congestions There is as well the case of having congestion in Australian urban centers and mostly in big cities and regions. There has been a massive population growth for the Australians for the last one decade. Urban planning can help out in curbing this problem. There is a growing need for the planning as the populations need to looked after and be evaluated for the future plans. The existing infrastructure should be in a position to be improved so that the remedy over this population can be got. The Urban and regional planning encompasses the infrastructure of the regions and cities. When the infrastructure is rare, poor and unplanned, there will be a lot of spaces lost and some of it would be used to settle the problem (MacCallum, 2016, p.72). The existing congestion in these cities could be settled as well by good planning I the Australian regions and cities. Zoning would be a good move for the Australian cities and regions. Zoning involves the authority in designating specific areas and specifying varieties of outrights and conditional uses of land. It indicates the size of each sector known as the Zone. Australia urban centers and regions can change a lot if the local authority can act to have good and well defined zones. These Zones can be divided and specified each with its a specific strength. Areas of these land are divided in such a way that there are various uses if land permitted (Chadwick, 2013, p.79). This is mainly done in regional planning. Some areas are specifically meant to be set for agriculture, some areas for settlement and some for industries and administrations. It is a step to ensure that there is no wasted land. For instance, in Australian cities, its advisable to make sure that the areas set for settlement are somehow different from those set for agriculture (Thompson Maginn, 2012, p.204) The issue of the sanitary and service rendering by the government and companies are mostly situated around the settlement schemes. The step can only be achieved if there is proper city plans and regional plans. The Australian cities and region would therefore grow in economics as well in social developments and make a step forward through this plan. Practice is the solution to the issue of land divisions and specification as well (Chadwick, 2013, p.34). Participatory Planning Australia can indulge in Participatory planning as an urban planning paradigm that would emphasize on involving the whole community in the strategies of management endeavors of urban planning and also the community planning levels. The reason for this is that, when the diverse people are involved in such an activity, there is a high level of skills that would all be incorporated in the planning. In the community, there are very many people who are involved in the planning processes. Each individual is specialized in his or her own sect. When participatory planning takes place in Australia, where there are diversification of skills and workforce, the planning would inculcate an overall development to the cities and regions around the cities and regions (In Stiftel In Watson, 2016, p.44) The community based processes of urban and regional planning are often meant to show that the people are considered as part of the community and its development as well as creating participatory planning, helps in that it aims at harmonizing the diverse views among its participants and it assist to help in preventing conflicts between the opposing parties. In addition to this, Australia has many marginalized society groups which are less perceived in the regional development (Brunner, 2015, p.67). Having such a participatory planning would insure the position of participation in such groups. Conclusion In conclusion, the Urban and regional planning can lead to a positive deviation to the cities and regions in our land Australia. The proposition is supported by the factors around making a conducive environment for human existence and support for the ecosystem. According to The International Association for China Planning, In Pan, In Cao, (2015), the city would cease to develop if there are no good plans to help its growth. Urban and regional planning is one of the plans that when omitted, the results to the growth and development of the cities and regions would be worse and unsatisfying. When the local authorities engage the public into a constructive development of the cities and regions, the development is inevitable. The infrastructure, the land, the welfare of the general public are the highest motives that guides the urban and regional planners. The different states of Australia would make a difference if all of them engaged in a collective responsibility of region and urban p lanning. 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